地源热泵在某中学校史陈列室及阅览室的应用

[交通会议论文数据库] 徐平平 方民

摘要:　　介绍南方某城市一中学的校史陈列室及阅览室的地源热泵空调系统的设计应用。并分析了其工程造价及年运行费用，经比较，地源热泵系统比VRV系统的年运行费用低42560元。

浅论工业废水的污染现状及防治措施

[交通会议论文数据库] 冒岩林 牟艳军 翁方芳

摘要:　　工业废水是我国水污染的重要污染源，本文讨论了中国工业废水排放污染现状，对重点工业废水排放行业废水特征进行了研究，并提出相应的防治措施，随着工业的迅速发展，工业废水的种类和数量不断增加，对生态环境的污染和破坏越来越严重，对人类的安全和健康造成巨大威胁。长期以来，我国工业主要具有劳动力密集型、要求标准低、资源较密集的特点。

两种农业废弃物生物炭对苊的吸附性能研究

[交通会议论文数据库] 林燕 孔雪莹 吕黎

摘要:　　研究了两种低温裂解生物炭(300℃)—— 米糠生物炭(RB)和竹粉生物炭(BB)对疏水性有机物苊的吸附作用,并考察了反应温度、pH 和盐度的对苊去除的影响.结果显示,RB 对苊的吸附符合准二级动力学方程,而BB 对苊的吸附更符合准一级动力学方程；两种生物炭的等温吸附曲线均呈线性,对苊的吸附机制以分配作用为主.RB 对苊的去除率随反应温度(15～45℃)的升高而降低,BB 在25℃时对苊的去除率最高.RB 对苊的去除率随pH(3～11)增大而增大,而BB 对苊的去除率则随pH 增大而减小.NaCl 浓度(0.002～2mol/L)对两种生物炭吸附去除苊均无显著影响.

基于X射线荧光分析原理的大气重金属在线分析仪的应用研究

[交通会议论文数据库] 叶华俊 姜雪娇 陈侠胜 黄伟

摘要:　　本文主要介绍了一种基于X 射线荧光(XRF)原理的大气重金属在线分析仪器(AMMS-100)的比对试验及其在环境监测领域中的应用研究，该仪器以EPA Method IO-3.3方法为基础，利用滤膜对大气颗粒物进行采样，然后利用XRF 技术对滤膜中的重金属进行分析.AMMS-100具有可同时监测28 种元素、无损快速、检出限低、维护成本低和使用方便等优点.本文主要介绍了该仪器在不同应用模式下的现场监测数据以及比对试验方法和结果.大气站长期运行结果显示，基于该技术的仪器性能稳定、可靠、可长时间连续在线监测环境空气中的重金属污染物.AMMS-100 还可以应用于移动监测车上，移动监测交通干道、工业园区等特殊区域环境空气重金属污染情况.另外，将基于X 射线荧光(XRF)原理的大气重金属连续分析技术与常规方法进行比对，以Pb、Fe 为例，相对误差在10％以内，证明该技术能够准确监测环境空气中的重金属污染物.

基于β射线法的大气PM2.5质量浓度连续监测技术

[交通会议论文数据库] 黄伟 华道柱 叶华俊

摘要:　　针对大气中细颗粒物(PM2.5)质量浓度在线监测的应用需求，研制了基于β射线法的大气PM2.5 在线监测仪器，该仪器具有准确度高、使用方便和维护成本低等优点.详细描述了仪器的基本原理、主要结构，以及切割器和湿度补偿等关键模块；对仪器进行性能测试，结果显示该分析仪性能稳定，达到国际同类仪器水平.将该分析仪安装在大气监测站，连续监测大气中PM2.5 的质量浓度变化情况，实验结果表明该分析仪可靠性高，能够满足大气PM2.5 监测的需求.

活性炭固定床选择性去除表面活性剂溶液中的菲

[交通会议论文数据库] 杨琪 周文军

摘要:　　回收再利用表面活性剂是降低表面活性剂增效修复 (SER) 技术运行成本并防止其淋洗液二次污染的有效途径.本研究利用活性炭固定床选择性去除Triton X-100 (TX100) 溶液中的菲作为SER 技术中淋洗液回收的模拟方法，探讨流速、床层高、菲初始浓度对回收效果的影响.研究发现TX100 在固定床上能够迅速达到饱和吸附，而菲的出水浓度始终远低于其初始浓度.所有实验条件下，菲的去除率均大于TX100 的吸附损失，且选择性吸附系数均在4 以上，表示溶液中80％菲被去除而80％表面活性剂可被回收.此外，增加床层高或降低流速有助于提高选择吸附性，但菲初始浓度对其几乎没有影响.TX100 和菲的穿透曲线能够使用数学模型有效拟合.研究表明固定床可作为SER 技术中淋洗液处理及回收的一种有效方法.

Impact of Cr(VI) on P removal performance in enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system based on the anaerobic and aerobic metabolism

[交通会议论文数据库] Jing Fang Pei-de Sun Shao-juan Xu Tao Luo Ju-qing Lou Jing-yi Han Ying-qi Song

摘要:　　Influence of Cr(Ⅵ) on P removal in enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system was investigated with respect to the composition of poly-phosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs),the transformation of poly-b-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and glycogen,enzymes' activities,and the intracellular Cr.Whether EBPR system could revive after Cr(Ⅵ) shock was also explored.Results showed P removal performance was completely inhibited by Cr(Ⅵ) with the concentration more than 5 mg L-1.PAOs were more sensitive to Cr(Ⅵ) than GAOs and the other bacteria were.PHA consumption,glycogen synthesis and adenylate kinase's activity had been inhibited by 5mg L-1 Cr(Ⅵ).Both adenylate kinase's activity and P removal efficiency were negatively correlated with the intracellular Cr.Recovery experiments revealed that P removal performance with 5 mg L-1 Cr(Ⅵ) shock could revive after a 2-day recovery treatment,while systems with high level Cr(Ⅵ) (20 and 60 mg L-1) shock could not.

Enhanced removal of U(VI) by nanoscale zerovalent iron supported on Na-bentonite and an investigation of mechanism

[交通会议论文数据库] Guodong Sheng Xiaoyu Shao Yimin Li Jianfa Li Huaping ong Wei Cheng Xing Gao Yuying Huang

摘要:　　The reductive removal of U(VI) by nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) was enhanced by using Na+-saturated bentonite (Na-bent) as the support,and the mechanism for the enhanced removal were investigated comprehensively.Under the same experimental conditions,NZVI supported on the negatively-charged Na-bent showed much higher removal efficiency (99.2%) of cationic U(VI) than either bare NZVI (48.3%) or NZVI supported on the positively-charged bentonite (Al-bent) did.Subsequent experimental investigations revealed the unique roles of bentonite on enhancing the reactivity and reusability of NZVI.Firstly,Na-bent can buffer the pH in reaction media,besides preventing NZVI from aggregation.Secondly,Na-bent promoted the mass transfer of U(VI) from solution to NZVI surface,leading to the enhanced removal efficiency.Thirdly,the bentonite may transfer some insoluble reduction products away from the iron surface according to X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) study.Finally,Na-bent as the adsorbent to Fe(II) makes it more reactive with U(VI),which enhanced stoichiometrically the reduction capacity of NZVI besides accelerating the reaction rate.

舟山摘箬山岛表层海水和沉积物中多环芳烃含量、来源与风险评价

[交通会议论文数据库] 王雅玉 周溶冰 秦华伟 王佳凯 吴卫红 谢正苗

摘要:　　研究了舟山摘箬山岛海水和沉积物中16 种多环芳烃(PAHs)的浓度水平,污染情况和探讨其可能来源.结果表明,研究区表层海水中PAHs 总含量范围为44.62-240.91 ng/L,沉积物中PAHs 的含量范围为85.43-209.18 ng/g.海水和沉积物中PAHs 主要由2-4环组成,萘含量最高,其次为菲.海水中的各种PAHs 含量与国际生物中组织学或国家制定的安全食用标准相比均未超标；将沉积物中PAHs 含量与国内外其他海区沉积物中的PAHs 含量作对比,结果表明其含量处于中低污染水平；沉积物中各单体除芴略高于ERL外,均远小于ERL,生态风险较低.高低分子量比值和异构体比值分析表明,表层海水和沉积物中PAHs 来源主要为石油污染,此外生物质及煤的燃烧也有一定的贡献.

Inhibition of free ammonia to the granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal system and the recoverability

[交通会议论文数据库] Xiongliu Zheng Peide Sun Juqing Lou Jing Cai Yingqi Song Shenjing Yu Xuanyu Lu

摘要:　　The inhibition of free ammonia (FA) to the granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system and the recoverability from macro- to micro-scale were investigated in this study.FAwas found to seriously deteriorate the EBPR performance and sludge characteristic (settleability and morphology).The FA inhibitory threshold of 17.76 mg N L1 was established.Acclimation phenomenon took place when poly-phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) were exposed for long time to constant FAconcentration (8.88 mg N L1).The repressed polysaccharides excretion could lead to breaking the stability and integrity of the granules.Therefore,the reduced particle size and granule disintegration were observed.The molecular analysis revealed that FA had a significant influence on the microbial communities and FA inhibition may provide a competitive advantage to glycogen accumulating organisms(GAOs) over PAOs.Interestingly,the community composition was found irreversible by recovery (Dice coefficients,36.3%),although good EBPR performance was re-achieved.