原文传递
Urbanization in Developing Countries
| 题名： | Urbanization in Developing Countries |
| 责任者： | Vernon Henderson |
| 关键词： | National Urban Development Policies and Strategies；Communities and Human Settlements；Urban Housing and Land Settlements；Banks and Banking Reform；Transport Economics Policy and Planning；Urban Development；City Development Strategies；Finance and Financial Sector Development；Transport |
| 学科分类： | 交通运输规划与管理 |
| 摘要： | The rapid urbanization in many developing countries over the past half century seems to have been accompanied by excessively high levels of concentration of the urban population in very large cities. Some degree of urban concentration may be desirable initially to reduce inter- and intraregional infrastructure expenditures. But in a mature system of cities, economic activity is more spread out. Standardized manufacturing production tends to be de-concentrated into smaller and medium-size metropolitan areas, whereas production in large metropolitan areas focuses on services, research and development, and non-standardized manufacturing. The costs of excessive concentration (traffic accidents, health costs from exposure to high levels of air and water pollution, and time lost to long commutes) stem from the large size of megacities and underdeveloped institutions and human resources for urban planning and management. Alleviating excessively high urban concentration requires investments in interregional transport and telecommunications to facilitate de-concentration of industry. It also requires fiscal de-concentration, so that interior cities can raise the fiscal resources and provide the services needed to compete with primate cities for industry and population. |
| 出版机构： | World Bank |
| 报告类型： | 咨询报告 |
| 详细地址： | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/01/17592025/urbanization-developing-countries |
| 资源类型： | 科技（咨询、行业）报告 |
| 初始创建时间： | 2002 |
| 最新修改时间： | 2017-12-13T12:51:26Z |
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