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原文传递 CRITERIA AND METHODS FOR EVALUATING INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM PLANS AND OPERATIONAL TESTS.

题名：	CRITERIA AND METHODS FOR EVALUATING INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM PLANS AND OPERATIONAL TESTS.
作者：	Brand-D
关键词：	INTELLIGENT-TRANSPORTATION-SYSTEMS; EVALUATION-; CRITERIA-; METHODS-; IMPACTS-; PLANS-; OPERATIONAL-TESTS
摘要：	An evaluation process for the preparation of intelligent transportation system (ITS) plans that is sensitive to the differences between ITS and conventional transportation improvements is described. A relatively complete set of evaluation criteria for ITS improvements is presented that is structured to clarify the confusion between the supply and demand impacts of ITS. This separation between "efficiency" and "output" measures means that it is possible to distinguish between ITS technology efficiency benefits and the individual and corporate demand responses to ITS that actually increase output (benefits) over those produced by the technology alone. The proposed criteria structure also incorporates the time scale of the impacts. This highlights certain fundamental correlations between the criteria that can lead to double counting of benefits and to highly correlated outcomes, which are not helpful in choosing between alternatives. The criteria structure facilitates selection by decision makers of greatly reduced criteria sets to simplify ITS evaluations. By recognizing the separate supply (efficiency) and demand (increased output) impacts of ITS, it is also possible to avoid dramatically underestimating the benefits of the new technology and to avoid serious mistakes in assessing the safety, environmental, and energy impacts of ITS alternatives. Default values to evaluate ITS improvements for inclusion in transportation system plans are provided. The criteria and default values highlight where research and operational tests can provide improved values and information that will most quickly advance the state of the art of ITS evaluation.
总页数：	Transportation Research Record. 1994. (1453) pp1-15 (4 Fig., 8 Tab., 13 Ref.)
报告类型：	科技报告