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INJURY SEVERITY IN MULTIVEHICLE REAR-END CRASHES.
| 题名： | INJURY SEVERITY IN MULTIVEHICLE REAR-END CRASHES. |
| 作者： | Khattak-AJ |
| 关键词： | High-mounted-brake-lamps; Highway-Safety-Information-System; Highway-safety; Injury-severity; Multiple-vehicle-accidents; North-Carolina; Pickup-trucks; Probits-; Rear-end-collisions; Station-wagons; Technological-innovations; Vans-; Vehicle-age; Vehicle-safety; Vehicle-size |
| 摘要： | Rear-end crashes constitute a substantial portion of the total crashes in the United States. They are also amenable to reduction through emerging intelligent transportation systems technologies such as crash warning systems. A specific objective was to analyze the effect of information and vehicle technology on injury severity in rear-end crashes, while controlling for the effects of driver, vehicle, and roadway factors. The study is based on real-life data from the Highway Safety Information System for North Carolina access-controlled roadways. The results show that in two-vehicle crashes the leading driver is more severely injured, whereas in three-vehicle crashes the driver in the middle is more severely injured. To analyze injury severity on the KABCO scale, three separate ordered probit models were estimated for Drivers 1 (leading), 2 (striking), and 3 (striking, in a three-vehicle crash). A vehicle age variable was used in the model specification to capture the effect of vehicle age and to serve as a proxy for safety improvements, in particular the center high-mounted stoplight (CHMSL). The modeling results show that being in a newer vehicle protects the driver in rear-end collisions. Similarly, being in a newer vehicle protects Driver 2. Interestingly, striking a newer Vehicle 1 can reduce the chance of both Driver 2 and Driver 3 injuries, partly as a result of CHMSL on Vehicle 1. Also examined is whether drivers of vans, pickup trucks, and station wagon cars/trucks sustain less-severe injuries because of their larger vehicle mass or more-severe injuries because of their information-blocking effect. The results show that technological improvements have a quantifiable beneficial effect on safety. |
| 总页数： | Transportation Research Record. 2001. (1746) pp59-68 (6 Tab., 9 Ref.) |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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