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FUEL-CYCLE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IMPACTS OF ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION FUELS AND ADVANCED VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES.
| 题名： | FUEL-CYCLE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IMPACTS OF ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION FUELS AND ADVANCED VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES. |
| 作者： | Wang-MQ |
| 关键词： | ALTERNATE-FUELS; COMPRESSED-NATURAL-GAS; ELECTRIC-VEHICLES; EMISSIONS-CONTROL; ETHANOL-; FUEL-CELLS; GLOBAL-WARMING; GREENHOUSE-GASES; HYBRID-VEHICLES; HYDROGEN-FUELS; LIQUEFIED-PETROLEUM-GAS; TECHNOLOGICAL-INNOVATIONS |
| 摘要： | The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction potentials of various near- and long-term transportation technologies were estimated. The estimated per-travel-distance GHG emissions results indicate that alternative transportation fuels and advanced vehicle technologies can help to significantly reduce transportation-related GHG emissions. Of the near-term technologies evaluated, electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, compression-ignition, direct-injection vehicles, and E85 (85% ethanol and 15% gasoline) flexible-fuel vehicles can reduce fuel-cycle GHG emissions by more than 25% on a fuel-cycle basis. Electric vehicles powered by electricity generated primarily from nuclear and renewable sources can reduce GHG emissions by 80%. Other alternative fuels (such as compressed natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas) offer limited, but positive, GHG emissions reduction benefits. Among the long-term technologies evaluated, conventional spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines powered by alternative fuels and gasoline- and diesel-powered advanced vehicles can reduce GHG emissions by 10 to 30%. Dedicated ethanol vehicles, electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and fuel-cell vehicles can reduce GHG emissions by more than 40%. Spark-ignition engines and fuel-cell vehicles powered by cellulosic ethanol and solar hydrogen (for fuel-cell vehicles only) can reduce GHG emissions by over 80%. In conclusion, both near- and long-term alternative fuels and advanced transportation technologies can play a role in reducing GHG emissions from the transportation sector. |
| 总页数： | Transportation Research Record. 1999. (1664) pp9-17 (4 Fig., 3 Tab., 9 Ref.) |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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