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原文传递 ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF TANKER DESIGNS IN COLLISION AND GROUNDING: METHOD FOR COMPARISON.

题名：	ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF TANKER DESIGNS IN COLLISION AND GROUNDING: METHOD FOR COMPARISON.
关键词：	Alternatives-analysis; Costs-; Crashworthiness-; Design-; Double-hull-standard; Environmental-performance; Groundings-Maritime-accidents; Hulls-; Loss-and-damage; Methodology-; Oil-spills; Performance-; Recommendations-; Risk-assessment; Ship-collisions; Tankers-
摘要：	The United States Congress requested that a study be undertaken by a committee under the auspices of the Marine Board of the National Research Council's Transportation Research Board to determine whether a methodology could be established for measuring the equivalency of alternatives to double-hull designs with regard to environmental performance. The committee was charged to develop a rationally based approach for assessing the environmental performance of alternative tanker designs relative to the double-hull standard. The proposed methodology was then to be applied to double-hull tankers and alternative designs to demonstrate that it could be used for an assessment. The committee was asked to ensure that the proposed methodology would be applicable to conditions prevailing in U.S. waters. The committee's charge also included refining and adjusting existing tanker damage extent functions used for measuring the crashworthiness of tank vessel structures. In addition, the committee was to develop a generalized spill cost database and use this database in formulating a rationally based approach for the calculation of an environmental index. An 11-member committee with appropriate scientific and technical expertise in risk assessment, tanker design, tanker operations, crashworthiness of ships, and costs and damages related to oil spills was convened. This final report represents a synthesis of the information gathered by the committee, which encompassed the data, analytical tools, and simulation methods currently available for the development of a rationally based approach for assessing the environmental performance of alternative tanker designs relative to the double-hull standard. The report is presented in five chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction. Chapter 2 reviews previous methods used to evaluate alternative tanker designs; alternatives proposed to date; and the various historical databases on spill costs, damage statistics, and collision and grounding. The methodology developed by the committee is detailed in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 illustrates the application of the methodology by describing its use to compare two alternative designs with double-hull designs of comparable size. The final chapter contains the committee's conclusions and recommendations.
总页数：	Transportation Research Board Special Report. 2001. (259) pp159 (Figs., Tabs., Refs., 5 App.)
报告类型：	科技报告