详情

原文传递 SMART HIGHWAYS: AN ASSESSMENT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO IMPROVE TRAVEL.

题名：	SMART HIGHWAYS: AN ASSESSMENT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO IMPROVE TRAVEL.
关键词：	INTELLIGENT-VEHICLE-HIGHWAY-SYSTEMS; TRAFFIC-CONGESTION; MITIGATION-; MOBILITY-; IMPROVEMENT-; ECONOMIC-BENEFITS; HIGHWAY-SAFETY; ENERGY-CONSERVATION; AIR-QUALITY; PRIVATE-SECTOR; PUBLIC-SECTOR; COST-SHARING
摘要：	The General Accounting Office (GAO) examined the development and application of intelligent vehicle and highway systems (IVHS), more commonly known as smart highways, as a means of reducing traffic congestion. The following questions were addressed: What have the major studies concluded about the potential effects of IVHS, and to what extent are these findings empirically based? What additional information can be learned from IVHS field tests under way? What major obstacles could impede the realization of transportation benefits possible through IVHS technologies? In brief, GAO found that the empirical basis for judging the effects of IVHS is limited but nonetheless positive and promising. The 38 major studies reviewed have a high degree of consensus that these technologies can not only improve mobility but, under certain configurations, could also achieve other policy goals of economic benefits, improved safety, energy conservation, and air quality. An additional examination of nine IVHS operational tests under way further revealed an important federal role in ensuring sound evaluations as new IVHS technologies are tested in field settings. GAO identified three types of barriers--cost, institutional, and technological--that could be critical to the overall success of a domestic IVHS program. In particular, the proper mix of burden-sharing among private sector interests and federal, state, and local governments for the costs of IVHS--both developmental and operational--must be found. Inappropriate distribution of costs could prevent full realization of the IVHS potential. Further, the ability of various levels of government to work together--and to work in an integrated way with the private sector--represents a key element to the success of an IVHS program.
总页数：	1991/05. pp76 (3 Fig., 6 Tab., 5 App.)
报告类型：	科技报告