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原文传递 URBAN TRANSPORTATION: CHALLENGES TO WIDESPREAD DEPLOYMENT OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS.

题名：	URBAN TRANSPORTATION: CHALLENGES TO WIDESPREAD DEPLOYMENT OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS.
关键词：	INTELLIGENT-TRANSPORTATION-SYSTEMS; GOALS-; LONG-TERM; SHORT-TERM; DEPLOYMENT-; INTELLIGENT-TRANSPORTATION-SYSTEMS-ARCHITECTURE; STANDARDS-; FEDERAL-GOVERNMENT; TECHNICAL-ASSISTANCE; TRAINING-; INFORMATION-DISSEMINATION; FUNDING-; MAINTENANCE-
摘要：	The General Accounting Office (GAO) was requested to (1) report on how the Department of Transportation (DOT) has changed the focus of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) program since the Congress passed the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA); (2) examine the progress in deploying integrated ITS and the key factors affecting deployment, including the status of the ITS national architecture and technical standards; and (3) identify ways in which the federal government can facilitate the deployment of ITS. To respond to these objectives, GAO focused on the deployment of the metropolitan ITS infrastructure. GAO interviewed transportation officials in 10 urban areas that are among the nation's largest and most congested--and therefore likely to have the greatest need for ITS--and reviewed the existing studies on the ITS program. Briefly, GAO found the following: The DOT's long-term goal for the ITS program has not changed since Congress passed the ISTEA. However, the short-term focus has recently changed to include a greater emphasis on deploying ITS technologies. Although the program envisioned the widespread deployment of integrated, multimodal ITS, this vision has not been realized. The national ITS architecture was not completed until July 1996, and a 5-year effort to develop standards is planned for completion in 2001. In addition, there are deployment obstacles, including a lack of technical knowledge and expertise among the state and local officials who will deploy the systems; a lack of quantitative data proving the systems' cost effectiveness in solving transportation problems; and a lack of funds. The federal government can take programmatic and financial actions to promote the deployment of ITS. Programmatic actions include providing technical assistance and training to state and local officials, disseminating information on the costs and benefits of ITS, and completing the development of the technical standards in a timely manner. Among the 10 urban areas surveyed, there was a wide variety of opinions on the appropriate federal role for funding ITS deployment. Six thought a large-scale federal deployment program would be necessary, while four opposed this because it would limit local flexibility and encourage the deployment of ITS where other, possibly more cost effective efforts could be undertaken. Five also stated that a smaller-scale federal seed program could also be effective in fostering deployment. Nine stated that federal financial assistance is needed to maintain deployed ITS technologies.
总页数：	1997/02. pp24 (2 Fig., 1 Tab., 4 App.)
报告类型：	科技报告