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DO ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS INCREASE CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS? A STATISTICAL EXPERIMENT.
| 题名： | DO ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS INCREASE CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS? A STATISTICAL EXPERIMENT. |
| 作者： | Smith-VK; von-Haefen-RH; Zhu-W |
| 关键词： | CONSTRUCTION-; COST-ESTIMATING; ENVIRONMENTAL-PROTECTION; FEDERAL-AID-HIGHWAYS; REGULATORY-CONSTRAINTS; STATE-HIGHWAYS; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS |
| 摘要： | This paper uses Federal Aid Highway program information for 1990 to 1994 to define a natural experiment that evaluates whether compliance with federal environmental regulations increases construction costs. This is accomplished by considering whether indirect measures of the environmental resources in each state affect construction expenditures for federal aid highways. The test assumes that both positive and negative measures of environmental resources and amenities, such as counts of endangered species and historic sites, and the number of locations with Superfund sites, will serve as indirect indicators of the likelihood that environmental regulations could impact federally supported highway construction. Statistical analyses suggest that the expenditures for federal aid highway construction and repair were influenced by these factors and by the regulatory activities likely to be associated with environmental mandates. Similar models applied to construction expenditures for state roads, which are not subject to the full set of federal regulations, did not find the proxy measures for the potential impact of these environmental regulations as positive influences on construction costs. |
| 总页数： | Journal of Transportation and Statistics. 1999/05. 2(1) pp45-60 (1 Fig., 3 Tab., Refs.) |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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