摘要: |
Maritime incidents can have a significant effect on human life, the environment or property. Continued losses of vessels and resultant loss of lives and environmental disasters following groundings or the foundering of vessels serve to illustrate the need to address safety systems applied by operators and port authorities to reduce risks to a level that is “As Low As Reasonably Practicable” – the ALARP principle. This paper serves to illustrate current developments in the UK as a result of the introduction of the Port Marine Safety Code by the UK’s Department of Transport, Local Government and the Regions (DTLR), and the methodology typically adopted to produce a Safety Management System for a port. Those in charge of ports, and port or ship operations, are becoming increasingly more accountable for the safe operation of those facilities or ships. The Port Marine Safety Code in the UK is seen as an application of the principles for Port Authorities and in particular, for them to be able to discharge their legal duties and statutory powers to a national standard that the Code has established. Information technology is being adopted more frequently to assist with the long term recording of data, the handling of management and audit controls and, most importantly, the sustainability, development and measurement of safety management systems. Future aids to monitoring safety will include Automatic Vessel Identification systems and Voyage Data Recorders onboard ships. The emergence of a “no blame” culture to encourage the reporting of incidents, and learning from those incidents, must contribute towards a safer maritime working and leisure environment. |