详情

原文传递 THE DEBATE

题名：	THE DEBATE
正文语种：	eng
作者：	SOFIE DEFOUR;SIMON BENNETT
摘要：	"It's not a question of whether the EU will introduce an emissions trading system [ETS] for shipping, it's a matter of how." This could very well be a quote from an environmental NGO, but it is actually Lasse Kristoffersen, the CEO of a major Norwegian shipping company, Torvald Klaveness, speaking. His statement is testimony to the paradigm shift we have seen in the climate agenda for shipping. After years of being the only sector not subject to emission-reduction targets or measures in Europe, the European Union is now working on a range of measures: from including shipping in its ETS carbon market to mandating the uptake of zero-emissions fuels to carbon efficiency quotas for ships in operation. All of these upcoming initiatives provide chances for ports to become frontrunners in the battle against climate change. About 12,000 ships of more than 5,000 gross tonnage call at EU ports annually. While at berth in EU ports, they emit even more carbon pollution than airliner easyJet, as well as causing a massive air pollution problem. By introducing a zero-emissions standard at berth, the EU can limit the impact of harmful pollutants in those places where the shipping industry comes closest to home: our ports. Ideally, we would see a phased approach to stop ships from polluting in EU ports, starting with ships that have the highest energy demand at berth. Such an approach would mimic existing regulation along the coast of California, where at-berth mandates will result in a 55% reduction in potential cancer risk for local port communities. It would also benefit the public image of ports, as there is an increasing scrutiny over city-wide low-emission zones applying to cars, but not to ships. The COVID-19 lockdown has resulted in a cleaner environment, thus this could be a way for ports to answer the call of EU citizens not to go back to business as usual. In fact, a Transport and Environment poll in May 2020 across six EU countries showed that about two in three people did not want to go back to pre-pandemic pollution levels. Thanks to the introduction of shipping in the EU ETS, ports will be eligible for financial aid to make investments in shoreside electricity. The European parliament has proposed the creation of a so-called Ocean Fund that would recycle the revenues of a maritime ETS back to the sector to help ports decarbonize their infrastructure and bridge the price gap between fossil fuels and sustainable alternatives.
出版年：	2021
期刊名称：	Ports and Harbors
卷：	66
期：	1
页码：	16-17