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原文传递 PRELIMINARY HUMAN FACTORS GUIDELINES FOR AUTOMOBILE BACKING WARNING SYSTEMS.

题名：	PRELIMINARY HUMAN FACTORS GUIDELINES FOR AUTOMOBILE BACKING WARNING SYSTEMS.
作者：	Harpster-J; Huey-R; Lerner-N; Steinberg-G; Perel-M
关键词：	HUMAN-FACTORS; GUIDELINES-; AUTOMOBILES-; BACKING-MANEUVERING; WARNING-SYSTEMS; WARNING-ZONES; ACOUSTIC-SIGNALS; VISUAL-SIGNALS; ALARM-SYSTEMS; COLLISION-AVOIDANCE-SYSTEMS; DRIVER-BEHAVIOR; DRIVER-REACTION-TIME
摘要：	Preliminary human factors guidelines for automobile backing warning systems are provided. These guidelines are based on a series of four experiments. The four experiments examined the following issues: determination of drivers' naturalistic backing behavior, reaction times to alarms while backing, subjective estimates of warning zones while backing, and ratings of acoustic alarm variation. The naturalistic backing experiment provided a behavioral baseline for backing. The reaction time experiment measured reaction times and stopping times to alarms presented at various points in different backing tasks. The subjective estimates of warning zones experiment measured where drivers believed warning zones should start. The acoustic alarm variation experiment measured drivers' ratings for a variety of alarm variations. Each human factors guideline is presented with a detailed rationale. The guidelines cover the following topic areas: general alarm features, triggering criteria while in motion, triggering criteria while stationary, nature of acoustic imminent alarms, nature of acoustic cautionary alarms, and visual warning attributes. These guidelines provide a foundation for the development of prototype backing alarm systems. In summary, the objective of this project was to examine the spectrum of human factors issues related to the design and implementation of backing crash avoidance warning systems. In support of this objective, the authors conducted critical analyses, developed preliminary guidelines, and conducted new empirical research on selected issues.
总页数：	Conference Title: Merging the Transportation and Communications Revolutions. Abstracts for ITS America Seventh Annual Meeting and Exposition. Location: Washington, D.C. Sponsored by: ITS America. Held: 19970602-19970605. 1997. pp19
报告类型：	科技报告