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原文传递 Driver Performance and Memory for Traffic Messages. Effects of the Number of Messages, Audio Quality, and Relevance; Final technical rept

题名：	Driver Performance and Memory for Traffic Messages. Effects of the Number of Messages, Audio Quality, and Relevance; Final technical rept
作者：	Fleming, J.; Green, P.; Katz, S.
关键词：	Highway transportation; Driver performance; Human factors engineering; Traffic safety; Driver aid safety; Communication systems; Visual perception; Symbols; Marking; Research projects; Highway safety; Information systems; Radio communication; Display devices; Traffic delay; Construction sites; Driver vehicle interface; Traffic density; Navigation aids; Accident prevention; Motor vehicles; Driving task analysis
摘要：	In this experiment, 32 licensed drivers (16 young, 16 old) drove on an expressway. On each trial (96 per sublect), 1 to 3 traffic messages containing 6 to 14 items were presented. ('I-94 eastbound at Southfield freeway, continuing construction, right lane blocked, 3 mile backup.') Imagining they were driving from Ann Arbor to Detroit on I-94, subjects identified messages relevant to that route and recalled them. Messages were either of good or poor audio quality (to simulate poor reception). Drivers familiar with the route correctly recognized about 85% of the relevant messages. Typically 4 items were recalled regardless of message lenght, with the road and crossroad being most common. Drivers recalled the direction to which the message pertained (e.g., I-94 east) only 39 percent of the time. Drivers believed the traffic information system was safe and useful to listen to while driving (approximately 9 on a 10-point scale) and would pay $177 on average for one, though most subjects were not willing to pay anything. Of the message characteristics, message audio quality had the largest adverse impact on performance (increasing speed variance). Differences were also found between (1) driving, (2) driving while listening to messages (slight increases in speed variance), and (3) driving while speaking with the experimenter (further increases in speed variance). This is in contrast to claims that dealing with auditory information while driving has no impact on driving workload and is not a safety concern.
总页数：	94p
报告类型：	科技报告