摘要: |
This summary report highlights the March 1998 FHWA scanning team organized to review and document developments in load and resistance factor design (LRFD) methods and alternative contracting practices related to geotechnical engineering features in Canada, Germany, France, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Scan team members represented geotechnical and structural engineering representatives from the Federal, State, and private industry sectors. Team members explored how countries applied Eurocode 7--the common geotechnical code recently introduced and based on a limit-state, LRFD approach--and used innovative contracting practices and design-build projects to counteract reduced role and funding by national transportation agencies. The report chronicles the team's findings, observations, and recommendations, including the importance of close communication between structural and geotechnical engineers on projects, the strong commitment to implement limit-state design, and the need to define characteristic soil properties based on measured distribution and quality of property. The team also learned of innovative technical developments including Denmark's dewatering technology and German tunneling work. The report includes a bibliography and resource and contract information, by country. |