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Digital Terrain Modeling and Distributed Soil Erosion Simulation/ Measurement for Minimizing Environmental Impacts of Military Training; Interim rept
| 题名： | Digital Terrain Modeling and Distributed Soil Erosion Simulation/ Measurement for Minimizing Environmental Impacts of Military Training; Interim rept |
| 作者： | Warren, S. D. |
| 关键词： | Military facilities; Terrain; Environmental impact; Military training; Soil erosion; Sediments; Digital simulation; Distributed interactive simulation; Computer programs; Mathematical models; Military operations; Information systems; Predictions; Operational readiness; Surface roughness; Shear stresses; Slope; Army corps of engineers; Environmental management; Rainfall; Hydrography; Runoff; Streams; Military geography |
| 摘要： | Because soil erosion and deposition have negative repercussions on military preparedness and the environment, the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) has funded efforts to develop geographic information system (GIS) tools and methods to enhance the accuracy, spatial prediction, and visual representation of erosion and deposition on military lands. During Fiscal Year 1997, the CASC2D model was modified to include an upland erosion algorithm. The modified model produced accurate runoff hydrographs, but fell short in predicting sediment discharge. Part of the inaccuracy is attributable to channel erosion not taken into account by the current CASC2D model. The Unit Stream Power Erosion and Deposition (USPED) model was enhanced to include tangential curvature. The modification greatly improves the accuracy of erosion and deposition predictions in areas of convergent slopes. The process-based SIMulated Water Erosion (SIMWE) model was used to investigate the effects of rainfall excess, surface roughness, critical shear stress, detachment capacity, and transport capacity on erosion and deposition. Results of initial investigations conducted to determine if the SIMWE model could be used to predict the consequences of common erosion and sediment control practices were promising. Various GIS tools were developed to help in processing and visualization of distributed data. |
| 总页数： | 49p |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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