摘要: |
Natural resources and wildlife managers for Federal agency lands, including those dedicated to military training and testing missions, must make decisions at multiple scales and with implications that extend far beyond the local boundaries of the land the managers are responsible for. Although landscape management at the local level is still as important as ever, current perception for long-term ecological sustainability requires regional contexts and conservation efforts. This document contains three peer-reviewed chapters from Status and Conservation of Midwestern Amphibians, M. J. Lannoo, editor, published by the University of Iowa Press in 1998. These chapters provide quantitative guidance and landscape perspectives to military land managers. The first chapter describes a very fundamental approach to coarse-grained classification of ecosystems on a regional or continental basis and classifying taxa within the ecosystems. The second chapter provides guidance to novice and experienced field biologist for designing and implementing ecological assessment or monitoring programs, and identifies important principles and issues in experimental design, field data collection, data management, and statistical analysis. The third chapter provides an introduction to the complex and valuable technologies and applications of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), cartography, landscape ecology and its metrics, and spatial modeling. |