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原文传递 Development of Severity Indices for Roadside Objects. Resource Materials; Rept. for Sep 91-May 95

题名：	Development of Severity Indices for Roadside Objects. Resource Materials; Rept. for Sep 91-May 95
作者：	Council, F. M.; Stewart, J. R.
关键词：	Motor vehicle accidents; Accident severity; Accident analysis; Collisions; Traffic safety; Injuries; Fatalities; Damage severity; Barrier collisions; Motor vehicle fixed object collisions; Highway transportation; Guardrails; Trees; Bridge abutments; Accident statistics; North Carolina; Illinois
摘要：	This study was an attempt to develop severity indices (SI's) for various fixed objects that are impacted when vehicles leave the roadway. The objectives of the study were two-fold, including both the development of new indices with recent data from two states and the exploration of methodological issues related to statistical modeling and a literature-based exploration of unreported crashes. Both a severe injury SI and a cost-based SI were developed for a wide range of crash situations using data from both North Carolina and Illinois, where injury could be more precisely linked to the specific object struck. While the final SI indices developed were not categorized by exactly the same control variables for the two states, the values of the indices were, in general, moderately consistent between the states. Findings from North Carolina and Illinois were also consistent to a significant degree with SI's developed earlier by Mak, et al. (10) using Texas data. In the limited sample of airbag-related impacts with guardrails, trees, and utility poles, it appears that the airbag will significantly reduce the value of the SI, and that the reduction could range from 30 to 70 percent. Additional future research is needed on the effects on SI's of both airbags and unreported crashes.
总页数：	68p
报告类型：	科技报告