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原文传递 Review of Recent Laser Illumination Events in the Aviation Environment.

题名：	Review of Recent Laser Illumination Events in the Aviation Environment.
作者：	nakagawara, v. b. wood, k. j. montgomery, r. w.
关键词：	glare, visual perception, illumination, hazards, commercial aircraft, exposure(physiology), aviation safety, night vision, eye, aircraft accident investigations
摘要：	Flight crewmember exposure to laser light, while operating an aircraft at night, has resulted in glare, flashblindness, and afterimage. Temporary visual impairment and the distraction, disorientation, and discomfort that can accompany it often result in hazardous situations. A database of aviation reports involving laser illumination of flight crewmembers has been established and maintained at the Civil Aerospace Medical Institute. A review of recent laser illumination reports was initiated to investigate the significance of these events. Reports of high-intensity light illumination of aircraft were collected from Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regional offices, Transportation Security Administration, Department of Homeland Security/Federal Bureau of Investigation Information Bulletins, the FAA's Office of Accident Investigation, newspaper articles, and interviews with pilots submitted by the airline industry. Reports that involved laser exposures of civilian aircraft in the United States were analyzed for the 13-month period (January 1, 2004 - January 31, 2005). There were 90 reported instances of laser illumination during the study period. A total of 53 reports involved laser exposure of commercial aircraft. Lasers illuminated the cockpit in 41 (46%) of the incidents. Of those, 13 (32%) incidents resulted in visual impairment or distraction to a pilot, including 1 incident that reportedly resulted in ocular injury. Nearly 96% of these reports occurred in the last 3 months of the study period. There were no aviation accidents in which laser light illumination was found to be a contributing factor. The study of laser illumination incidents in the national airspace system can identify the operational problems that result from such events. Improved reporting and analysis of laser events enhances aviation safety by providing the FAA with data necessary to assist in the development of methods for mitigating the effects of laser exposure. / NOTE: Final rept. / Supplementary Notes: Sponsored by Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC. Office of Aerospace Medicine. / Availability Note: Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA.
总页数：	u0709；12p
报告类型：	科技报告