详情

原文传递 Network-Based Highway Crash Prediction Using Geographic Information Systems.

题名：	Network-Based Highway Crash Prediction Using Geographic Information Systems.
作者：	ivan, j. n. garder, p. e. bindra, s. jonsson, b. t. shin, h. s.
关键词：	polygon, links, intersections
摘要：	The objectives of this project were to estimate network-based crash prediction models that will predict the expected crash experience in any given geographic area as a function of the highway link, intersection and land use features observed in the area. The result is a system of GIS programs that permit a polygon to be drawn on a map, or a set of links and intersections to be selected, and then predict the number of crashes expected to occur on the selected traffic facilities. These expected values can then be compared with observed values to identify locations with higher than usual crash incidence and may require attention to improve the safety of the location. Alternatively, this tool could be used to estimate the safety impacts of proposed changes in highway facilities or in different land development scenarios. A network approach was chosen to solve this problem, in which separate models were estimated for crashes at major intersections, and intersection-related and segment-related crashes on road segments. All three sets of models can then be used to predict the number of crashes for an entire highway facility delineated as the user desires including all intersections. These models also consider all relevant road features, in particular the intensity of traffic at intersections and driveways resulting from the surrounding land use. GIS was used for two purposes in this project: (1) distributing population and employment counts in a traffic analysis zone (TAZ) among all the links in that zone. (2) Visually comparing the predicted and observed accident counts in order to identify higher than usual crash locations. / NOTE: Final rept. / Availability Note: Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA.
总页数：	u0801；82p
报告类型：	科技报告