关键词: |
AVIATION ACCIDENTS, COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT, AVIATION SAFETY, CRASH LANDINGS, CASE STUDIES, CIVIL AVIATION, CRASHES, DATA BASES, DITCHING, ENVIRONMENTS, FLOTATION, HAZARDS, IMPACT, SCENARIOS, SURVIVABILITY, VELOCITY, WATER, DOWNED AIRCRAFT, PASSENGER AIRCRAFT, AIRCRAFT LANDINGS, REPORTS, LANDING IMPACT, IMPACT, PASSENGERS, FLIGHT ENVELOPE, AIR TRANSPORTATION. |
摘要: |
This report documents an investigation of ditchings and water-related impacts for commuter-category aircraft that occurred during the years 1979 through 1989. The main source of accident data was the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). Data were also sought from the International Civil Aviation Organization and the U.S. Navy Safety Center. A total of 46 accidents was obtained and examined for this study. Of these, 40 cases satisfied the criteria for inclusion into the database. Impact and post-impact conditions were categorized to assess aircraft behavior and occupant survivability. Two impact scenarios and two post-impact scenarios were established. Special emphasis was placed on examining aircraft flotation behavior and post-impact survivability. In addition, five representative case studies are presented to demonstrate aspects peculiar to the commuter-category aircraft water impact and post-impact sequence that could not be adequately covered by the statistical categorizations alone. Commuter ditching, Crash hazards, Post-crash hazards, Crash scenarios, Water crash environment, Velocity envelope. |