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原文传递 Aeromedical Aspects of Melatonin-An Overview.

题名：	Aeromedical Aspects of Melatonin-An Overview.
作者：	Hordinsky, Jerry R.;Chaturvedi, Arvind K.;Sanders, Donald C.;
关键词：	PERFORMANCE(HUMAN), CLINICAL MEDICINE, PHARMACOLOGY, MELATONIN, METHODOLOGY, CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS, FLIGHT CREWS, BIOCHEMISTRY, AIR FORCE PERSONNEL, SHIFTING, DAY, DIURNAL VARIATIONS, BIOSYNTHESIS, BLOOD PLASMA, SLEEP, AEROMEDICAL EVACUATION, JET LAG, RADIOIMMUNOASSAY, PINEAL GLAND.
摘要：	Melatonin, a pineal hormone present in the blood of humans and other species, has a distinct diurnal variation in its biosynthesis and, therefore, in its concentration. This variation has suggested the possibility of a regulatory function in day/night dependent physiological processes, such as sleep, and has led scientists to explore the effects of administered melatonin on the modulation of circadian rhythms. For the self-treatment of sleep disorders and other benefits, melatonin usage has been extolled to the extent that 20 million new consumers were added to the U.S. retail market in 1995. Its principal aeromedical application has been in the experimental treatment of jet lag effects. For aircraft passengers, melatonin administration at destination-bedtime appears to improve sleep quality and to decrease the time required to reestablish normal circadian rhythms. For international aircrews, who travel through multiple time zones without time to adapt to new environments, taking melatonin prior to arriving home may further impair already disturbed circadian rhythms. Its use to adjust to shiftwork changes by air traffic controllers, aircraft maintenance workers, and support personnel is even more controversial. Limited studies suggest that giving this hormone to shift workers should be done only under controlled conditions and that taking it at the wrong time may actually impair job performance. Because of its possible interaction with certain medications and the changes in its concentrations observed in some clinical conditions, the practitioner must exercise caution during the medical certification of airmen. The variations in the concentration of melatonin can be effectively determined by radioimmunoassay, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analytical techniques.
总页数：	18
报告类型：	科技报告