详情

Developing a taxonomy of human errors and violations that lead to crashes

项目名称：	Developing a taxonomy of human errors and violations that lead to crashes
摘要：	Human errors and violations are highly relevant to the safe systems approach as human error tends to dominate crash occurrence, contributing to 80%-90% of crashes. A better understanding of �critical reasons for the critical pre-crash events� has significant potential in reducing deadly behaviors on roadways. A key gap in the literature relates to the origin of the different types of human errors, e.g., whether they begin with intentional actions or unintentional actions, and how they relate to the built environment. The project will be organized into the following tasks: Task A: Review relevant work that will be integrated into a taxonomy -- as part of identifying gaps in the relevant literature, the research team will identify data limitations that may pose a threat to study results. After the team develops a taxonomy based on Naturalistic Driving Study (NDS) data, the team will match the potential countermeasures to the crash contributory factors at hand, based on insights from the literature. Task B: Process and prepare the naturalistic driving study database and develop a framework -- in addition to theoretical developments, new data analytic methods will be used to extract valuable information about errors and violations and their respective mechanisms from driving and crash data. While a substantial amount of the work will be conceptual, data from the SHRP NDS will be used. Task C: Develop a methodology to classify crash-contributing errors -- the project will explore the role of human cognition, information acquisition, processing and use, and rational behavior as they relate to human errors in crashes. A classification of the full range of errors and violations can help focus on predominant error types and facilitate in the design of effective prevention and mitigation tools and strategies. Task D: Develop a �safety matrix� that quantifies the contributions of different factors for different scenarios -- in this task, the team will develop safety matrices to quantify the proportions of different crash-contributing factors. The relationships between error-producing environments and errors recorded in crashes will add a new dimension to the existing understanding of errors. Task E: Apply a modeling approach for analyzing relationships -- the overall framework would be a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. Correlations between human errors and various factors will be quantified. Task F: Use the safety matrix to explore implications for road safety in the future -- in this task, the team will explore the implications of the results for improving current and future road safety. The aim is to expand the knowledge-base for implementation of more informed decisions about safe vehicles, safe people, safe speeds, and safe environments. Task G: Final report and dissemination -- after completion of the project, the research team will document the results so they can be used by engineers and planners in the future.
状态：	Active
资金：	$79,722
资助组织：	Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology
管理组织：	Collaborative Sciences Center for Road Safety
项目负责人：	Sandt, Laura
执行机构：	Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton
主要研究人员：	Khattak, Asad J
开始时间：	20180501
预计完成日期：	20200229
实际结束时间：	0