摘要: |
As part of the Swedish Transport Administration's efforts to create a clearer and more focused environmental work, a research project called Development/Implementation of sustainability assessment of infrastructure projects was initiated in 2011. The purpose of the project (which were undertaken 2011 to 2014 under the FOI portfolio 1) has been to develop a sustainability assessment method for three focus areas; climate/energy, hazardous substances and biodiversity. The overall project emanated largely from the EPD system, an international information system to objectively describe the environmental characteristics of goods and services in a life cycle perspective where statements are made in the form of third-party certified environmental product declarations (EPD). Within the three focus areas a proposed methodology to better plan, manage and monitor levels and improve the planning process have been developed. The methodology also serves as a guide to procurement of construction and to quantitatively declare the results of the completed project in an EPD. The proposal for the focus area climate/energy has been tested in a few road and railway projects and will now be largely implemented in the normal work procedures, but for the other two focus areas, continued development of the methods will be necessary. This has partly been done during 2014 and the beginning of 2015. Within the framework of focus area Biodiversity work has focused on developing an indicator-based model for measuring the impacts an infrastructure project may have on biodiversity. The model is based on six impact categories: Barrier effects, traffic mortality, Disturbance, Habitat loss, New habitats and invasive species. This continued project will aim to i) test the model for the impact category Barrier effects in fictional/fictitious projects ii) develop a proposal on indicators of other impact categories, iii) test the model for the impact categories Barrier effects, Habitat loss and interference in ongoing infrastructure projects, and iii ) adjust the model based on the results of the tests. Within the framework of focus area Hazardous substances a methodology has been developed which involves chemical calculations that measure the aspect dangerous substances established in different phases. The work methodology follows the methodology used in the preparation of climate calculations in the Swedish Transport Administration. The work methodology also connects to the Transport Agency's existing practices for chemicals, materials and products. Further development of the model involves as a first step to test the developed methods in a number of pilot projects to evaluate, adapt and develop the functionality. The next step is to determine how the developed performance measures can be used to control the selection of products at earlier stages of the investment process. |