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原文传递 Optimization Models for Prioritizing Bus Stop Facility Investments for Riders with Disabilities.

题名：	Optimization Models for Prioritizing Bus Stop Facility Investments for Riders with Disabilities.
作者：	W. Wu; A. Gan; F. Cevallos; D. Shen;
关键词：	bus stop accessibility,riders with disabilities,accessibility;transit agencies, limited budgets, bus stop improvements, optimization models;americans with disabilities act(ada), geographic information systems(gis)
摘要：	The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 prescribes the minimum requirements for bus stop accessibility by riders with disabilities. Due to limited budgets, transit agencies can only select a limited number of bus stop locations for ADA improvements annually. These locations should preferably be selected such that they maximize the overall benefits to patrons with disabilities. In addition, transit agencies may choose to implement the universal design paradigm, which involves higher design standards than current ADA requirements and can provide amenities that are useful for all riders, like shelters and lighting. Many factors can affect the decision to improve a bus stop, including rider-based aspects like the number of riders with disabilities, total ridership, customer complaints, accidents, deployment costs, as well as spatial aspects like the location of employment centers, schools, shopping areas, and so on. These interlacing factors make it difficult to identify optimum improvement locations without the aid of an optimization model. This report proposes two optimization models to help identify a priority list of bus stops for accessibility improvements. The first is a binary integer programming model designed to identify bus stops that need improvements to meet the minimum ADA requirements. The second involves a multi-objective nonlinear mixed integer programming model that attempts to achieve an optimal compromise among the two accessibility design standards. Based on a case study using data from Broward County Transit (BCT) in Florida, the models were found to produce a list of bus stops that were determined to be highly logical upon close examination. Compared to traditional approaches using staff experience, requests from elected officials, customer complaints, etc., these optimization models offer a more objective and efficient platform on which to make bus stop improvement suggestions. / Title Note: Final Rept., July 2006-March 2010. / Supplementary Notes: Sponsored by Federal Transit Administration, Washington, DC. / Availability Note: Available on CD-ROM and in color paper copy only. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5301 Shawnee Road, Alexandria, VA, 22312, USA. / NTIS Prices: PC A07 / NTIS In-house Control Codes: dotfta;12091,1101 &C / Corporate Author Code: 056181018 / Classifivation: Unclassified report
报告类型：	科技报告