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原文传递 Stemming the Tide: Approaching Urban Freight in the Era of e-Commerce

题名：	Stemming the Tide: Approaching Urban Freight in the Era of e-Commerce
正文语种：	eng
作者：	EVAN IACOBUCCI;NOREEN MCDONALD;CHARLES H.W. EDWARDS;RUTH STEINER;JEREMY GRIFFITH
作者单位：	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill;University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill;airline industry including the formation of UPS Airlines;Center for Health and the Built Environment in the Department of Urban;University of Florida's Masters of Urban
摘要：	The relationship between cities and freight is undergoing an unprecedented and tumultuous transition. While e-commerce has long been chipping away at traditional flows of goods, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a massive acceleration of trends, with some experts estimating that 10 years' worth of e-commerce adoption took place in the space of 3 months.This shift has had a profound effect on goods movement, and consequently, the transportation systems on which it depends. The number of small parcels delivered in the United States rose from 14.7 billion in 2019 to 20.2 billion in 2020. Crucially, a large portion of these parcels end up at individual residences rather than consolidated at retail locations. At the same time, customers expect goods to arrive faster than ever, often in 2 days or less. This rapid increase in volume, disaggregation, and speed requires a constant flow of delivery vehicles that manifests as urban truck traffic.More freight vehicles require more places to load and unload, and these activities often take place at the curb. Cities typically require off-street loading zones for some types of new construction, but these requirements vary widely and most freight is accounted for by extant buildings or areas where there is not space for off-street loading. Management of on-street loading zones, meanwhile, is complex, with requirements, procedures, and issues varying widely across-and even within-different cities. In short, loading space is often inadequate and it can be exceedingly difficult to reallocate space for loading purposes. Demand for space, therefore, often outstrips supply, which leads to undesirable impacts, including freight vehicles parking illegally or cruising for parking.
出版年：	2022
期刊名称：	ITE journal
卷：	92
期：	8
页码：	27-32