摘要: |
Since May 1971, when Amtrak took over responsibility for operating the nation's intercity passenger trains, the federal government has provided the corporation with over $18 billion, primarily to cover annual operating losses (the difference between operating revenues and expenses, excluding federal and state subsidies) and make capital investments.1 Despite this federal support, by 1994 Amtrak's financial and operating condition had declined to the point at which its long-term survivability was seriously threatened.2 At the same time, federal budget considerations have been making it increasingly difficult for the Congress to provide its historic level of support. In response to this financial crisis, in 1995 Amtrak developed a Strategic Business Plan to increase revenues and cut expenses, with the goal of eliminating its need for a federal operating subsidy (i.e., achieving operating self-sufficiency) by fiscal year 2002, although Amtrak assumes that federal capital assistance would continue. Amtrak's success in implementing its Plan will go a long way toward deciding the future of intercity passenger rail service in the United States. To assist the Congress as it determines the future of federal support for Amtrak, this report (1) describes the specific actions Amtrak plans to take and the expected results from those actions; (2) reviews Amtrak's success to date in achieving financial improvements and its progress toward realizing the longer-term goal of operating self-sufficiency; and (3) describes Amtrak's efforts in monitoring the Plan's implementation. |