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Aircraft Accidents and Incidents Associated with Visual Disturbances from Bright Lights during Nighttime Flight Operations.
| 题名： | Aircraft Accidents and Incidents Associated with Visual Disturbances from Bright Lights during Nighttime Flight Operations. |
| 作者： | MONTGOMERY, R. W.; NAKAGAWARA, V. B.; WOOD, K. J. |
| 关键词： | AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; FLIGHT OPERATIONS; VISUAL DEFECTS |
| 摘要： | Preservation of optimal night vision is important for pilots operating an aircraft at night. When the eyes are adapted to low-light levels, exposure to bright light can result in temporary visual impairment due to glare, flashblindness, and afterimages. The purpose of this study was to investigate operational problems experienced by civilian airmen exposed to bright light sources while performing nighttime aviation activities. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Aviation Accident and Incident Data System (January 1982 to February 2005) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Accident/Incident Data System (January 1978 to January 2005) were queried using terms associated with night vision problems. Accident and incident reports annotated with one or more of these terms were reviewed to determine whether vision difficulties resulting from exposure to bright lights contributed to the mishap. Vision problems resulting from exposure to bright lights at night were found to have contributed to 58 mishaps. Reports included 30 (NTSB) accidents and 28 (FAA/NTSB) incidents. The majority of accidents (57%) occurred during the approach and landing phase of flight. Incidents occurred most frequently while taxiing (54%) and during approach and landing (36%). Exposure to glare sources at night can affect an aviator's dark adaptation and has contributed to aviation accidents and incidents. The study of these events assists airport authorities in defining appropriate modification of existing airport lighting systems and eliminating hazardous lighting near flight paths and surface movement areas (e.g., ramps, taxiways, runways). Preventive measures for avoiding similar glare conditions that impair vision and compromise the safety of aviation operations at night will be discussed. |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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