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原文传递 Assessing the Variation of Driver Distraction with Experience Phase I.

题名：	Assessing the Variation of Driver Distraction with Experience Phase I.
作者：	martinelli, d. medellin, l. akuraju, n.
关键词：	driver distraction,experienced drivers/driver behavior, highway safety, motor vehicle drivers, motor vehicle accidents, driver attention, human factors, aged drivers, accident factors, traffic safety, fatalities, fatigue, inattention, driver characteristics, statistical analysis/
摘要：	Driver Distraction has been a major concern in highway safety since the past. A driver is said to be distracted when he spends longer time than required looking at something that attracts his attention, thus leading to a deviation from the primary task of driving. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) estimated that 25%to 30%of all crashes are due to the various kinds of driver distraction. Driver distraction can either be due to on-road, in-vehicle factors or driver factors. Cell phones, GPS, Stereo Systems, conversation with other people in the vehicle, etc., include the major in-vehicle distraction factors, while billboards along the highway and the traffic itself account for most of the on-road distraction factors. Driver physical and mental workload, fatigue, age form the driver factors. It is evident from past research that an increased level of distraction or inattention of drivers leads to traffic crashes. The distraction or inattention levels vary from driver to driver. Fatality rates and age are said to follow a U-shaped function i.e., the fatality rates decrease as driver age increases and after a certain time they start increasing. / Supplementary Notes: Sponsored by West Virginia Dept. of Highways, Charleston. and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC. / Availability Note: Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA.
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