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原文传递 Congestion Pricing. A Primer. State, Federal and Commercial Assessment Approaches.

题名：	Congestion Pricing. A Primer. State, Federal and Commercial Assessment Approaches.
关键词：	*Traffic-congestion.;Threats-; Economic-analysis; Quality-of-life; Transportation-networks; Urban-areas; Travel-delay; Fuels-; Prices-; Market-; Transportation-modes; States-United-States.
摘要：	Growing congestion in the U.S. transportation network poses a substantial threat to the U.S. economy and to the quality of life of millions of Americans. According to the Texas Transportation Institute (TTI), in 2003, congestion in the top 85 U.S. urban areas caused 3.7 billion hours of travel delay and 2.3 billions gallons of wasted fuel, for a total cost of $63 billion. Congestion pricing--sometimes called value pricing--is a way of harnessing the power of the market to reduce the waste associated with traffic congestion. Congestion pricing works by shifting purely discretionary rush hour highway travel to other transportation modes or to off-peak periods, taking advantage of the fact that the majority of rush hour drivers on a typical urban highway are not commuters. By removing a fraction (even as small as 5%) of the vehicles from a congested roadway, pricing enables the system to flow much more efficiently, allowing more cars to move through the same physical space.
报告类型：	科技报告