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原文传递 Pilot Test of Heed the Speed: A Program to Reduce Speeds in Residential Neighborhoods.

题名：	Pilot Test of Heed the Speed: A Program to Reduce Speeds in Residential Neighborhoods.
作者：	Blomberg-R.D.; Cleven-A.M.
关键词：	Speeding-; Residential-neighborhoods.;Speed-reductions; Pedestrian-safety; Enforcement-; Education-techniques; Traffic-calming.
摘要：	There is abundant evidence that higher speeds are associated with more severe pedestrian injuries and increased death. Speeding is generally more dangerous for pedestrians on residential roads than on other roadways. There has been significant work on engineering approaches to traffic calming as a means of reducing neighborhood speeds. There have, however, been few attempts to combine public information, enforcement and innovative marking techniques with engineering changes as a means of achieving greater speed reductions. Some communities have used traffic calming on selected streets in a neighborhood but left others untouched because of objections voiced by emergency services. This has created streets within a defined calmed neighborhood where motorists continue to exceed prudent speeds or at least exceed the speeds on adjacent calmed streets. The focus of the current study was therefore to determine whether enforcement and education techniques could achieve a meaningful speed reduction on untreated streets adjacent to streets that have received traffic calming treatments. Three neighborhoods each in two cities, Phoenix and Peoria, Arizona, were selected for a Heed the Speed program based on the expressed desire of the residents to moderate vehicle speeds and/or a history of excessive speeding. Multiple roads were part of the study in some of the 6 areas. Yard signs, pamphlets, and other education materials were distributed to area residents. The police increased enforcement patrols and tickets for speeding violations. They also added numerous warning stops for motorists exceeding the speed limit but below the range at which a stop would normally be made. Speed tables or speed humps were added in two of the neighborhoods in the middle of the 3-6 month campaign. Innovative pavement markings that created the illusion of impediments were tried in three of the neighborhoods. The program was evaluated by a pre-post mailed survey, by police data forms completed at each stop and by multiple waves of speed measurements using on-road traffic counters. The survey showed a strong increase in knowledge of the program, awareness of enforcement efforts and acceptance of the need to moderate speeds.
报告类型：	科技报告