摘要: |
However, anyone in one of the aforementioned trades knows that while direct investment and tax incentives by the federal government are nice, even necessary to a large extent, if project delivery isn't streamlined and made more accessible, then much of the federal government's initiatives will be made less impactful because project timelines will be slowed. Having intuitively understood this, Congress included in the IIJA and the IRA important changes and updates to the environmental review process for projects funded with these investments. Before we dive into these changes, it is important to have a baseline understanding of the federal environmental review process. Any major infrastructure project that is built with federal funding must go through a series of environmental reviews and authorizations, and the overarching federal statute for environmental review is the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA): (1) NEPA establishes a decision-making process that federal agencies must follow to study the environmental impacts of proposed projects, including infrastructure and construction projects; (2) Federal agencies must go through this process so that the federal government, states and localities, and stakeholders all have a common understanding of what impact a proposed project might have on the surrounding environment. While completing a NEPA review is important, it can be a lengthy and arduous process. NEPA is but one federal statute detailing the environmental review process. There are many others, including the Clean Water Act, Endangered Species Act, and the National Marine Sanctuaries Act, all of which have unique authorizations. These authorizations must be cleared before construction using federal dollars begins. |