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原文传递 Study of Heavy Truck S-Cam, Enhanced S-Cam, and Air Disc Brake Models Using NADS.

题名：	Study of Heavy Truck S-Cam, Enhanced S-Cam, and Air Disc Brake Models Using NADS.
作者：	Salaani-M.K.; Heydinger-G.J.; Grygier-P.A.; Schwarz-C.; Brown-T.
关键词：	Brakes-Motion-arrestors; Driving-simulators; Heavy-Truck-Brakes; Air-disc-brakes.;Air-disc-brakes; Braking-.
摘要：	In crashes between heavy trucks and light vehicles, most of the fatalities are the occupants of the light vehicle. A reduction in heavy truck stopping distance should lead to a reduction in the number of crashes, the severity of crashes, and consequently the numbers of fatalities and injuries. This study makes use of the National Advanced Driving Simulator (NADS). NADS is a full immersion driving simulator used to study driver behavior as well as driver-vehicle reactions and responses. The vehicle dynamics model of the existing heavy truck on NADS has been modified with the creation of two additional brake models. The three braking systems used in this study are the standard S-cam, the enhanced S-cam (larger drums and shoes), and the air-actuated disc brake system. A sample of 108 CDL-licensed drivers was split evenly among the simulations using each of the three braking systems. The drivers were presented with four different emergency stopping situations. The effectiveness of each braking system was evaluated by first noting if a collision was avoided and, if not, the speed of the truck at the time of collision. In the noncollision runs additional performance measures were also evaluated, including stopping distances, braking distances, brake pedal forces and decelerations. The results of this study show that the drivers who used either the air disc brakes or the enhanced Scam brakes had fewer collisions in the emergency scenarios than those drivers using standard S-cam brakes. The fundamental result this research validated is that reducing heavy truck stopping distance has strong potential to decrease the number and severity of crashes in situations requiring emergency braking.
报告类型：	科技报告