摘要: |
There are currently 15 megacities in the world, i.e., metropolitan areas having more than 10 million inhabitants. Los Angeles and New York are in this category. Most megacities are exposed to natural hazards such as earthquakes, and when located in coastal regions, are also vulnerable to hurricanes and tsunamis. Megacities have increasingly complicated transportation systems exposed to unprecedented pressures from population growth, energy and environmental impacts, and risks from natural and manmade hazards. Indeed, the transportation systems in megacities have become so complicated that very few organizations can understand their response to extreme events (EE) such as earthquakes, or can effectively mitigate the impacts from EEs. In the aftermath of recent major disasters in the United States such as 9/11 and Katrina, the pressing questions to be addressed for the future of transportation in Megacities are (1) How do complex transportation systems respond to EEs such as earthquakes? (2) How can we improve the recovery time and resiliency of transportation systems in case of major disruptions? (3) How are major stakeholders economically affected by major disruptions to transportation? |