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Identification and Evaluation of Freight Demand Factors.
| 题名： | Identification and Evaluation of Freight Demand Factors. |
| 关键词： | identification；evaluation；actor；demand；significance；revolution；distribution；transport；flexibility；variability |
| 摘要： | Many national freight forecasts have been predicting continued increases in the demand for freight transportation, and it has been generally accepted that the United States will have to invest many billions of dollars in new infrastructure. Many approaches to estimating freight growth have been used over time, for example Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or population growth. Over the past 30 years, various structural changes in the United States and even the world's economy require new approaches to understanding the key factors that influence freight demand. The deregulation of most freight transportation markets in the early 1980s led to a new era of flexibility in the arrangements that providers could offer to their customers. Along with consolidation by providers, real prices decreased and demand increased as shippers, suppliers and retailers began to remake their production and distribution systems to take advantage of lower transportation costs and improved service. Economic expansion led to growth in freight transportation demand that was not necessarily evenly distributed and did not always move smoothly with GDP. Free trade agreements and the revolution of intermodal transportation led to longer supply chains and a shift in the utilization of transportation in the global marketplace. The primary objective of this research effort was 'to describe and analyze various types of demand drivers that shape the volume and movement of freight in North America.' The goal was to identify a set of regularly generated, well-documented, easily-obtainable variables with high statistical significance in explaining the variability of different kinds of freight demand. Moreover, a contribution would be made if the research could identify one or more influencing variables that predicted changes in transportation demand during a subsequent period. By determining the significance and usefulness of these predictor variables, infrastructure investors and capital planners would be better able to predict freight transportation demands and make better decisions. |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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