摘要: |
During the 2011 Mississippi River Basin flood the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) evaluated the effects of flood waters on aspects of critical river infrastructure at the request of and in support of numerous agencies including the North Dakota Department of Transportation, the North Dakota State Water Commission, the Nebraska Department of Roads, the Kansas Department of Transportation, the Missouri Department of Transportation, the Omaha Public Power District (OPPD), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the U.S. Coast Guard. These evaluations provided timely information needed by owners, operators, and regulators to assess the safety of continued operation of flood- or scourthreatened infrastructure or to weigh the need for scour countermeasures or abandonment of facilities. Critical river infrastructure refers to the levees, bridges, roads, pipelines, powerline towers, and other structures that make modern life possible. It can be within, under, spanning, or along the banks of the river. Such infrastructure protects people and land from flood water, allows people and goods to be transported over or under the river, and provides water supplies for power production and municipal use. River infrastructure that had aspects surveyed by the USGS during the 2011 Mississippi River Basin flood included levees, bridges, pipeline crossings, power plant intakes and outlets, and an electrical transmission tower. This report concentrates on surveys of critical infrastructure completed along the Missouri River. |