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原文传递 Crashworthiness Evaluation of Mass Transit Buses.

题名：	Crashworthiness Evaluation of Mass Transit Buses.
作者：	Olivares, G.
关键词：	Buses; Crash Dummies; Crashworthiness; Fatalities; Injuries; Mass Transit; Mass Transportation; Motor Vehicle Accidents; Occupant Protection; Passengers; Simulation
摘要：	Mass transit bus systems are an integral part of the national transportation network, serving more than 20.6 billion passenger-miles per year with a relatively low fatality rate. Bus occupant injuries are evenly distributed among crashes on all sides of the bus, while fatalities primarily result from frontal crashes. The three primary objectives of this crashworthiness research were to (1) characterize the structural response of mass transit buses, (2) characterize the occupant kinematics and injury mechanisms in mass transit bus interiors, and (3) develop interior design concepts and crashworthiness design procedures for mass transit buses. For better understanding of how injuries and damage result from bus crashes, this research used computational and virtual reality methods to model crash effects on buses and their occupants and full-size sled tests with crash dummies of varying sizes to verify the simulation results. The research found that primary mechanisms of injury to occupants are passenger-to-passenger collision and passenger-to-seat-structure impact. The research suggested design guidelines that should reduce occupant injuries and fatalities during side, frontal, and rear-impact collisions of transit buses with various vehicle types.
报告类型：	科技报告