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原文传递 Development of a Simulation Test Bed for Connected Vehicles using the LSU Driving Simulator.

题名：	Development of a Simulation Test Bed for Connected Vehicles using the LSU Driving Simulator.
作者：	Ishak, S.; Osman, O. A.; Theriot, M.; Bakhit, P.; Karbalaieali, S.; Mousa, S.
关键词：	Traffic safety, Connected vehicle, Driving behavior, Do not pass warning, Forward collision warning, Blind-spot warning
摘要：	This project develops a driving simulator test bed to investigate the impact of three connected vehicle (CV) safety applications on driving behavior. The blind spot warning (BSW), forward collision warning (FCW), and do not pass warning (DNPW) applications were tested on human subjects in the LSU high-fidelity driving simulator. The BSW and DNPW applications were tested at different levels of market penetration, while the FCW application was tested for aggressive and non-aggressive categories of drivers. For the BSW, a proximity-based threshold was used to trigger a warning as a CV approached the simulator vehicle’s blind spot. To test the impact of MP on the effectiveness of the BSW Application, four simulation scenarios were developed with zero, 25%, 50%, and 75% MP rates. Eighty-one participants were recruited to participate in a 15-minute experiment within the driving simulator. Drivers were instructed to perform lane change maneuvers whenever they felt comfortable. For each lane change, the simulator vehicle and blind spot vehicle’s speeds and gaps were collected. Two non-parametric tests, along with a post-hoc pairwise test, were used to compare the significance each MP had on the minimum time-to-collision (TTC) and the variance of the speed of the subject vehicle and blind spot vehicle. The FCW application was designed by enabling a lead vehicle to communicate alert messages to the simulator when certain time-to-collision thresholds were reached. Thirty participants, grouped into aggressive and non-aggressive drivers, were allowed to drive the simulator twice; once with the alert messages, and another without the alert messages. Using time-to-collision as a performance measure, a t-test for dependent samples showed that for non-aggressive drivers, there were no differences in their driving behavior. However for aggressive drivers, their driving behavior showed a significant improvement in their overall safety. For the DNPW, an 8s TTC threshold was designed to warn drivers of oncoming vehicles on a two-lane two-way rural roadway. A pilot study consisting of twenty-four experiments was conducted at varying MPs. Participants performed five overtaking maneuvers within each experiment, totaling to 30 maneuvers for each MP. The safety of each maneuver was evaluated by the TTC between the simulator and oncoming vehicle at the beginning and end of the maneuver, the time spent in the opposing lane, the headway between the simulator vehicle and the vehicle in the right lane before the maneuver, and the tailway between the two vehicles following the maneuver. The results of BSW and DNPW applications indicated that a medium MP (50%) is required to achieve significant safety improvement from CV safety applications, while the results of the FCW testing indicated that only aggressive driver category can benefit from such type of alerts.
报告类型：	科技报告