摘要: |
The main objective of this report was to characterize asphalt containing warm mix technologies at various levels of field aging and laboratory conditioning in terms of mixture and binder properties encompassing the temperature range expected in Mississippi. The primary data sets collected for this overall body of work are from full-scale constructed test sections where cores were collected over time (Volume 2), and from plant mixed asphalt containing warm mix technology that was field aged for four years or laboratory conditioned (Volume 3). Approximately 5,100 mixture specimens were tested as part of this three volume set of reports. When rounded to the nearest hundred mixture specimens, 300 were tested for Volume 1, 3,400 were tested for Volume 2, and 1,400 were tested for Volume 3. Binder testing was also performed in support of mixture testing. A primary recommendation of this work is to use Cantabro Mass Loss (CML) for assessment of environmental effects, and in particular combined effects of oxidation, moisture, and freeze-thaw (FT). The default recommendation is to compact an asphalt specimen, then expose this specimen to 5 days of 85 oC air, followed by 14 days submerged in 64 oC water, and 1 FT cycle before testing for CML. Based on findings from this collective body of work (Volumes 1 to 3), this appears to simulate 4.0 to 5.5 years of aging in the Mississippi climate. It is also recommended that all three warm mix technologies evaluated in this paper be allowed for consideration to optimize a given project. This recommendation was based on none of the technologies holistically behaving better or worse than the others, while also not being dramatically different than hot mixed asphalt that was also evaluated in this report. |