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ASSESSING INFRASTRUCTURE
VULNERABILITY TO MAJOR FLOODS
| 题名： | ASSESSING INFRASTRUCTURE VULNERABILITY TO MAJOR FLOODS |
| 作者： | Lars Jenssen |
| 关键词： | structure；assess；flooding；stage；objects；applications；utilities；physical；method；management |
| 摘要： | A modem society is complex and depends on several important utilities and types of physical infrastructure, e.g. power supply, transport systems, drinking-water supply, etc. Major floods have devastating effects on society in the flooded areas, and impacts on the infrastructure on which we depend will be felt far outside the inundated area. The objective of this work has been to suggest a method of assessing the direct effects of serious floods on a physical infrastructure or utility. The information was believed to be potentially useful for contingency planning and for designing of structures that are liable to be damaged by flooding. The first part of this work offers a review of a number of topics that are needed to assess the effects of flooding: 1) methods of floodplain management and strategies for mitigating floods, 2) methods of risk analysis which will become increasingly important in the field of flood management, 3) methods for hydraulic computations, 4) a variety of scour assessment methods and 5) several applications of GIS to the analysis of flood vulnerability. Three computer programs were developed to facilitate the practical use of the findings from the review: CULVCAP for computing the headwater level for circular and box culverts; SCOUR for assessing riprap stability and scour depths; and FASTFLOOD, which prepares input rainfall series and input files for the rainfall-runoff model used in the case study. The road system in Orkdal municipality in S0r-Tr0ndelag County in central Norway was chosen for exploring how to analyse the flood vulnerability of an infrastructure. The road system was analysed in two stages. First, a general analysis was performed to assess how major floods effect the road system. The objective of this stage was to identify the parts of the road system that are vulnerable to flooding and to develop methods for assessing the vulnerability of the road system in a specific area. The next stage dealt with evaluating the vulnerability of flooding of the main roads in Orkdal. First, potentially vulnerable objects were identified. Secondly, the objects were investigated for three flood scenarios: the 100-year flood, the 1000- year flood and the Probable Maximum Flood. Finally, a method for analysing the flood vulnerability of physical infrastructure has been proposed. The method involves a general stage that will provide data on which parts of the infrastructure are potentially vulnerable to flooding and methods for analysing them, and a specific stage which is concerned with analysing one particular kind of physical infi^istructure in a study area. |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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