详情

原文传递 Visual and Task Demands of Driver Information Systems

题名：	Visual and Task Demands of Driver Information Systems
作者：	Paul Green
关键词：	ITS, human factors, ergonomics, driving, navigation, route guidance, usability, input devices, controls, displays, occlusion
摘要：	This report answers 12 questions (e.g.. What is the relationship between visual demand and crashes?) that provided a basis for the development of SAE Recommended Practice J2364 (Navigation and Route Guidance Function Accessibility While Driving). Key findings follow. Navigation-system-induced crashes have been identified in Japan, the only place where they are recorded. In the U.S., approximately 21 deaths and 2100 injuries are expected in 2007 if there are no restrictions on navigation system data entry in moving vehicles. This estimate was based on calculations of visual demand that consider mean glance time, the number of glances per task, frequency of use, and market penetration. Destination-entry tasks take 1 to 2.5 minutes to complete, an order of magnitude greater than most in-vehicle tasks drivers now routinely perform. About 80 percent of the time entering destinations is spent looking away from the road, and consequently there is almost one lane departure per entry attempt. Lane departures, eyes-off-the road time, on-the-road task time, and static (single) task time are highly correlated with each other, with single-factor linear regressions having r^ values in excess of 0.5. Given its ease of collection, especially early in design, static task time is recommended as the primary measure to establish the safety and usability of navigation systems. Existing guidelines suggest a task limit of 10 seconds and driver preferences suggest limits of 5 to 10 seconds. Considerations of existing design practice suggest a maximum time of 15 seconds for navigation –data-entry tasks
报告类型：	科技报告