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原文传递 Display Size Contamination of Attentional and Spatial Tasks: An Evaluation of Display Minification and Axis Compression. Technical rept.

题名：	Display Size Contamination of Attentional and Spatial Tasks: An Evaluation of Display Minification and Axis Compression. Technical rept.
作者：	muthard, e. k. wickens, c. d.
关键词：	Display-devices; Spatial-distribution; *Flight-control-systems.;Evaluation-; Attention-; Sizes-Dimensions; Aircraft-; Pilots-; Air-traffic-control-systems; Hazards-; Surveillance-; Clutter-; Scanning-; Monitoring-; Detection-; Flight-paths; Tracking-; Safety-; Performance-.
摘要：	Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of display size on attentional and spatial tasks. In Experiments 1 and 2, display size was manipulated by enlarging the physical size of a top-down 2D integrated hazard display. Pilots were asked to monitor the airspace for changes in the trajectory or altitude of traffic aircraft or weather systems. In Experiment 1, pilots were also asked to periodically search the airspace for key hazards. In Experiment 2, this probe task was removed to examine surveillance unconfounded by search and display clutter was added. In both experiments, pilots were found to consistently adjust scanning patterns to account for an enlargement of the display area, and thus the area to be monitored. While change detection performance was worsened for events occurring near the display periphery, this effect was not amplified when the display was enlarged. Search was also unaffected by display size. For experiment 2, clutter reduced detection performance in the smallest display, where display density was amplified because of the minification. In Experiment 3, pilots were asked to complete a compensatory tracking task with a simplified flight control display. Display size was manipulated by changing the physical size of a 2D display and through axis compression in a 3D display. In both cases, pilots were found to exhibit higher tracking error and lowered control activity when display size was reduced, and this effect was amplified for axis compression. This performance reduction was hypothesized to have resulted both from the lowered resolution of the smaller display, which provided less information about small deviations than its larger counterpart, and from reduced urgency, as pilots perceived the smaller displayed errors as less severe path deviations. Finally, in Experiment 4, pilots were asked to select one of two flight paths that traversed through a hazardous airspace, as well as rate the safety of the flight paths.
报告类型：	科技报告