详情

原文传递 Ridership Biases and Allocation of Transit Formula Grants.

题名：	Ridership Biases and Allocation of Transit Formula Grants.
作者：	Chu-X.
关键词：	Funding-allocation; Grants-; Funding-mechanisms; Transit-systems; *Florida-.;Grants-administration; Grants-process; Passenger-traffic; Public-transporation; Financing-; Transit-industry; Strategies-; Grants-in-aid-; Sampling-; Direct-count; Mass-transportation.
摘要：	The paper compares unlinked passenger trips for individual agencies from 1993 through 2001 Between direct counts from the American Public Transportation Association and ridership Reported to the National Transit Database (NTD). NTD ridership can be as high as 50 percent More than direct counts, and these significant deviations exist consistently over time across many Agencies. While some of these deviations are attributable to undercounting in the direct counts, Much of them appear to be positive biases in estimated ridership that result from unintentional biases in procedures, and perhaps intentional manipulation. The paper then quantitatively examines how these upward biases affect the allocation of two formula grants to Florida transit agencies: the Urbanized Area Formula Grant Program at the federal level and Florida's Public Transit Block Grant Program at the state level. The paper also discusses a strategy for reducing these Biases
报告类型：	科技报告