详情

原文传递 Evaluation Note: Preliminary Results Analyzing the Effectiveness of Electronic Stability Control (ESC) Systems.

题名：	Evaluation Note: Preliminary Results Analyzing the Effectiveness of Electronic Stability Control (ESC) Systems.
作者：	DANG, J. N.
关键词：	Vehicle-stability; Effectiveness-; *Data-analysis.;Stabilization-; Automobile-stability; Vehicle-safety; Accident-prevention; Accident-analysis; Accident-data; Single-vehicle-accidents.
摘要：	Electronic Stability Control (ESC) systems are stability enhancement systems designed to improve vehicles lateral stability by electronically detecting and automatically assisting drivers in dangerous situations (e.g. understeer and oversteer) and under unfavorable conditions (rain, snow, sleet, ice). ESC systems have sensors that monitor the speed of each wheel, the steering wheel angle, and the overall yaw rate and lateral acceleration of the vehicle. Data from the sensors are used to compare a drivers intended course with the vehicles actual movement to detect when a driver is about to lose control of a vehicle and automatically intervene in split seconds by applying the brakes to individual wheels and possibly reducing engine torque to provide stability and help the driver stay on course. For example, if a system detects that the rear wheels have begun to slide to the right and the vehicle is yawing counter-clockwise, it may momentarily apply the brake to the right front wheel, imparting a clockwise spin to counteract the yaw and stabilize the vehicle. It may then slow down the vehicle to a speed more appropriate for conditions. This technology appears to provide safety benefits by reducing the number of crashes due to driver error and loss of control, because it has the potential to anticipate situations leading up to some crashes before they occur and has the capability in some cases to automatically intervene to prevent them. The potential benefit should be primarily a reduction of single vehicle crashes that involve losing control and running off the road. These crashes include rollovers and collisions with fixed objects. NHTSA is in the process of statistically evaluating the effectiveness of ESC in reducing single vehicle crashes in various domestic and imported cars and SUVs. At this point the agency has analyzed data from model years 1997 to 2002, in make models where ESC was introduced in those years. The agency is also looking at single- and multi-vehicle crash rates per 100,000 registration years to ensure that any reduction in single vehicle crashes is not offset by an increase (if any) in multi-vehicle crashes. The study at this point consists of a series of analyses of crash data from currently available State and FARS databases. Crash data from calendar years 1997 to 2002 from 5 States (Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Missouri, Utah) were used in the analyses because these are the States that consistently have a high percentage of Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) information in their data files. The effectiveness of ESC in reducing fatal single vehicle crashes was also evaluated by analyzing FARS data from calendar years 1997 to 2003.
报告类型：	科技报告