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原文传递 Use of Connected Vehicle Technology to Facilitate Multimodal Winter Travel (Phase I).

题名：	Use of Connected Vehicle Technology to Facilitate Multimodal Winter Travel (Phase I).
作者：	Akin, M.; He, Y.; Shi, X.
关键词：	Connected Vehicle Technology, Multimodal Winter Travel, Winter weather operations, Safety Impact Methodology (SIM) tools, Road Weather Information System (RWIS), Smartphone applications, Surface transportation systems, Inclement weather conditions
摘要：	Winter weather impacts the safety, mobility and economic productivity of surface transportation systems. Snow and ice on roads reduces friction and visibility, leading to accidents, injuries and death. Nationally, snowy, slushy or icy pavement conditions are present in about 27 percent of weather-related crashes, or over 300,000 crashes annually. Inclement weather conditions also impact public transport passenger behavior and public transport service performance, and multimodal commuters including pedestrians and cyclists are particularly susceptible in winter weather events. Connected Vehicle (CV) technology is well-suited to address multiple safety and mobility impacts of winter weather. Accurate and real time traffic information, route operation information and road weather information are essential for commuters to take a high level-of-service trip. A nationwide survey of transit operation managers or supervisors was conducted to assess priorities for transit applications of CV technologies to improve safety and mobility during winter. A summary of findings from the survey are as follows: 1) the biggest influence of winter storms on transit operations are snow build-up at stops, route delays, and route changes/cancellations; 2) notifications to passengers or users is primarily done via local news stations and large notices on transit authority websites, 3) most transit agencies use road weather information and forecasts to improve transit operations, 4) the transit CV applications thought to have the most potential for improving winter transit travel are pedestrian warning and left turn assistance warning, 5) the greatest concerns for CV technology are increased driver distraction, safety consequences of equipment failure, and system performance in poor weather. Two applications of CV technology for improved multimodal winter travel are presented in the Concept of Operations chapter: 1) CV applications in winter transit operations--- mobile road weather-related data and traffic flow data will be collected from CV technology enabled city fleet vehicles, transit vehicles and private vehicles through CAN-Bus, automatic vehicle location (AVL), and sensors mounted on the vehicles. These route-specific data will be combined with point data from road weather information system (RWIS), traffic loop data, and traffic cameras. After data processing and analysis, road segment weather and traffic information will be analyzed by transit operators to provide real-time and forecast route information. 2) CV applications in multimodal commuter winter travel advisories and warnings---the road segment weather information and transit route information will be shared to multi-modal commuters through a Smartphone App to allow commuters to select proper trip behavior (trip time, trip modes, trip routes, etc.). This project has laid the foundation to address the innovative use of CV technology for improving multimodal winter travel. Future phases of this project are suggested to include pilot transit and bicycle/pedestrian CV technology applications to compare transit operations efficiency and the costs and benefits of the CV solution.
报告类型：	科技报告