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Transportation's Role in Emergency Evacuation and Reentry. National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 392. A Synthesis of Highway Practice
| 题名： | Transportation's Role in Emergency Evacuation and Reentry. National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 392. A Synthesis of Highway Practice |
| 作者： | Wolshon, B. |
| 关键词： | Transportation systems##Emergency planning##Evacuation##Traffic control##Simulation##Rail transportation##Air transportation##Maritime transportation##Floods##Wildfires##Accidents##Hurricanes##Hazards##Natural disasters##Safety## |
| 摘要： | Over the past decade, interest in and awareness of the topic evacuation has grown enormously. This has led to a wealth of new information on the role of transportation in emergency evacuation practice, planning, and research. First-of-their-kind plans for transit- based evacuations, regional contraflow, and emergency traffic simulation have all come into being within the last half decade. In many areas, evacuation plans also now include modes such as rail, air, and maritime. A recent study of evacuations by the Sandia National Laboratories showed that between 1990 and 2003, the 230 evacuations involved 1,000 or more evacuees. The most common hazard for which evacuations were necessary during this period was wildfires, followed by floods, fixed-site (i.e., nonmobile) hazardous material releases, railroad accidents, and hurricanes. Interestingly, the great majority (75%) of these events required an evacuation of 5,000 or fewer people and only 14 of the 230 (6%) involved more than 100,000 evacuees. It is these major events, however, that most often capture media attention and cause the most concern. The goal of this study was to collect and document information on transportation's role in emergency evacuation and reentry by summarizing aspects of its planning, control, and research as well as highlighting effective and innovative practices. |
| 总页数： | 142 |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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