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原文传递 Seabird Avoidance Measures for Small Alaskan Longline Vessels

题名：	Seabird Avoidance Measures for Small Alaskan Longline Vessels
作者：	Melvin, E. F.; Wainstein, M. D.
关键词：	Longline fisheries##Alask##Seabirds##Mortality##Marine conservation##Fishing vessels##Boats##Northern fulmar##Albatrosses##Shearwaters##Gulls##Groundfish longline fisheries##
摘要：	The incidental mortality of seabirds in longline fisheries is an international marine conservation problem. Although estimates of worldwide totals are lacking, hundreds of thousands of seabirds are probably taken in longline fisheries annually. In the Alaskan groundfish longline fisheries, incidental seabird mortality averaged 13,540 birds per year from 1993 to 2003, peaking at 26,000 seabirds in 1998. Procellariiform (or tubenose) seabirds, a category that includes albatross species, were the most commonly caught (69%). The short-tailed albatross, an endangered species under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA), is the focus of regulatory and conservation attention in the Alaskan longline fisheries. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services Biological Opinion specifies that short-tailed albatross takes exceeding six within a 2-year period (four in the groundfish fishery and two in the Pacific halibut fishery) would trigger reinitiation of a Section 7 consultation in these respective fisheries, and consequently interrupt or close Alaskas $250 million (ex-vessel value) demersal longline fisheries.
总页数：	28
报告类型：	科技报告