摘要: |
Impacts during transportation planning although measurement instrumentation and procedures have varied from program to program and agency to agency. Precise, uniform, field measurement practice allows for valid comparison of results from similar studies performed by a variety of transportation practitioners and researchers. To aid states in complying with FHWAs noise policies and regulations, FHWA developed and improved a series of computer models beginning in the 1970s. The current model, FHWAs Traffic Noise Model (TNM) is a computer program used for predicting noise impacts in the vicinity of highways, and it uses advances in personal computer hardware and software to improve upon the accuracy and ease of modeling highway noise, including the design of effective, cost-efficient highway noise barriers. FHWA has provided substantial guidance for the routine application of TNM but scenarios exist for which there is no technical guidance. Out of necessity and without technical guidance, TNM users have independently developed techniques to assemble and input data into the TNM to analyze these scenarios. Typically these techniques have not been validated with field measurements, and the accuracy of their results is unknown. |