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Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Characterization and Testing in Modern LD Diesel Passenger Cars and Trucks
| 题名： | Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Characterization and Testing in Modern LD Diesel Passenger Cars and Trucks |
| 作者： | Karavakalis, G.; Durbin, T. D.; Russell, R. L. |
| 关键词： | Biodiesel##Renewable diesel blends##Formaldehyde##Acetaldehyde##Aldehyde##Polycyclic Aromatic Carbons(PAHs)##Ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD)##Federal Test Procedure(FTP)## |
| 摘要： | A total of seven fuels were used in this study, including two reference fuels: a Federal Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) and a CARB ULSD. Three different fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were selected: a methyl ester produced from soybean oil (SME), a waste cooking oil methyl ester (WCO), and a methyl ester produced from animal fat (AFME). A hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) renewable diesel was also used. The three FAME and one renewable diesel blendstocks were used to prepare four 20 vol% blends with the Federal ULSD. Only the WCO biodiesel was used to prepare a 20 vol% blend in the CARB ULSD. This study evaluated five light-duty diesel cars and three trucks equipped with direct injection, common-rail diesel engines. These vehicles were all equipped with diesel particle filter (DPF) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) after treatment systems. Every vehicle/fuel combination was tested at least twice over the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) driving cycle. The test vehicles were preconditioned using a procedure that included multiple fuel drain and fills (to 40% of the fuel tank volume), a catalyst sulfur purge cycle, four coast downs (70 to 30 miles per hour), and finally an LA4 cycle. Emissions measurements were made for THC, NMHC, NOx, CO, CO2, CH4, PM mass, and fuel economy. Measurements of unregulated emissions were also made for elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) fracrions, real-time ammonia (NH3) emissions, particle number (PN) emissions, real-time particle size distributions, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and nitro-PAHs. Nitrogen oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) were also measured for Vehicle #4 through Vehicle #8. |
| 总页数： | 267 |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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