摘要: |
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is currently working to develop carbon monoxide (CO) exposure adjustment factors to be applied to the Hazardous Air Pollution Exposure Model for Mobile sources version 3 (HAPEM-MS3) modeling being conducted by the EPA Office of Research and Development's (ORD) National Exposure Research Lab (NERL) for the Office of Mobile Sources (OMS). The HAPEM-MS3 exposure modeling is being conducted in order to predict exposure to mobile source CO emissions in 13 urban areas. OMS will then be able to estimate the exposure to, and the carcinogenic risk from, exposure to motor vehicle air toxic emission by relating air toxins and CO exposure using emission data. In order to make the CO exposure results representative of the mobile source contribution to CO emissions in urban areas it is necessary to be able to apportion the Trends ambient monitoring CO data into on-road mobile source and non-road mobile source contributions for all 13 areas. Ultimately these exposure numbers will be used to determine the contributions of on-road and non-road mobile sources to the carcinogenic risk from air toxins emissions that must be regulated under Section 202(1)(2) of the Clean Air Act (CAA), as amended in 1990, and will provide a critical piece of the analysis necessary to determine the level at which air toxics regulations will be required. The one calculation necessary to OMS that HAPEM-MS3 cannot perform is allocating the CO exposures to that which is contributed separately by on-road and non-road mobile sources for specific areas. |