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原文传递 Assessment of the Relative Accuracy of the PM Index and Related Methods

题名：	Assessment of the Relative Accuracy of the PM Index and Related Methods
作者：	Crawford, R.; Lyons, J.
关键词：	Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI)##Gasoline vehicles##Particulate Matter (PM) emissions##PM indices##Particulate Matter Index (PMI)##Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis (DHA)##Automotive engine technology##
摘要：	Automotive engine technology has changed substantially in the past two to three decades under the influence of increasingly stringent emissions and fuel economy standards in the US and other countries. Recent actions in the US on Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions standards for model year 2017-2025 light-duty vehicles have stimulated the introduction of new engine technologies such as the Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) engine. Research has shown that Particulate Matter (PM) emissions from SIDI engines are generally higher than their Port Fuel Injected (PFI) predecessors, although some recent SIDI designs have demonstrated equivalent PM emissions to PFI. The composition and properties of gasoline fuels influence the formation and emission of particulates in both engine types. Over the past 10 years, CRC, EPA, and other organizations have conducted research on the PM emissions of gasoline vehicles and the relationship to fuel properties. In this work, the Honda Particulate Matter Index (PMI) has found widespread acceptance as a measure of a gasoline’s potential to contribute to PM emissions. The PMI is based on a profile of the individual hydrocarbons in a fuel as determined through a Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis (DHA), a typical method for which is the ASTM D6730 procedure as used originally in its development. Variants of the ASTM DHA procedure also have been used with the PMI. The ASTM D6729, D6730, and D6733 methods, as well as AVFL-29 DHA method, require specialized laboratory equipment and procedures for sample handling and analysis. While these methods can be employed in research settings, they may be beyond the capabilities of some laboratories and are likely to be too time consuming and costly for routine use in daily operations such as commercial fuel blending. As a result, a number of parties have proposed alternative PM indices relying on fuel properties that are more easily obtained and may be routinely available for other purposes. The objective of CRC Project RW-107 is to conduct a thorough evaluation of the performance of the different PM indices as predictors of vehicle emissions and a comparison of their performance to the Honda PMI using consistent sets of vehicle/fuel data.
总页数：	146
报告类型：	科技报告